Ekspresi GLUT4 pada Neuron Hipokampus Rattus novergicus Diabetik yang Diinjeksi Streptozotocin dan Nicotinamide
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb.2019.030.03.6Keywords:
Diabetes, GLUT4, nicotinamide, Rattus novergicus, streptozotocinAbstract
Diabetes melitus merupakan faktor risiko independen untuk terjadinya gangguan kognisi. Upaya pengembangan hewan coba untuk penelitian pengaruh diabetes terhadap kognisi terus dilakukan. Rattus novergicus merupakan salah satu spesies tikus yang sering digunakan sebagai hewan model diabetik melalui injeksi streptozotocin. Protein GLUT4 neuron hipokampus diduga berperan penting dalam mempertahankan fungsi kognitif yang pada kondisi hiperglikemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi ekspresi GLUT4 pada neuron hipokampus Rattus novergicus diabetik yang diinjeksi streptozotocin dan nicotinamide. Penelitian eksperimental ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan 20 ekor Rattus novergicus yang dibagi secara acak menjadi 4 kelompok, yaitu 2 kelompok kontrol (K1 dan K2) dan 2 kelompok diabetik (D1 dan D2). Masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 5 ekor tikus. Rattus norvegicus pada kelompok D1 dan D2 diinduksi diabetes dengan injeksi streptozotocin 70mg/kgBB dan nicotinamide 110mg/kgBB secara intraperitoneal dosis tunggal. Kadar glukosa darah puasa diperiksa pada hari ke-4 untuk memastikan tikus model diabetik mengalami hiperglikemia. Tikus kelompok K1 dan D1 diterminasi pada hari ke-7, sedangkan tikus kelompok K2 dan D2 diterminasi pada hari ke-14. Dilakukan pengambilan jaringan otak dan pemeriksaan imunohistokimia untuk melihat ekspresi GLUT4 pada neuron hipokampus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata ekpresi GLUT4 pada tikus kelompok diabetik secara signifikan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tikus kelompok kontrol pada pengamatan hari ke-14 (p<0,05), namun tidak pada pengamatan hari ke-7 (p>0,05). Rerata ekspresi GLUT4 tikus kelompok diabetik secara signifikan lebih tinggi pada pengamatan hari ke-14 dibandingkan dengan pengamatan hari ke-7 (p<0,05). Dapat disimpulkan, terjadi peningkatan ekspresi GLUT4 pada neuron hipokampus Rattus novergicus diabetik yang diinjeksi streptozotocin dan nicotinamide.
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