Pengaruh Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Perilaku Perawat tentang Flebotomi terhadap Kualitas Spesimen Laboratorium

Authors

  • Eky Indyanty Wuryaning Lestari Program Studi Magister Manajemen Rumah Sakit Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya
  • Harun Al Rasyid Program Studi Magister Manajemen Rumah Sakit Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya
  • Armanu Thoyib Jurusan Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Brawijaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb.2015.028.03.17

Abstract

Kesalahan pra-analitik memberikan kontribusi paling besar pada kesalahan di laboratorium (46-77,1%). Pelaksanaan pengambilan spesimen (flebotomi) yang tidak tepat, kurangnya pengetahuan dan ketidakpatuhan dari petugas flebotomi dilaporkan sebagai penyebab kesalahan pra-analitik yang berhubungan dengan kualitas spesimen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku perawat tentang tindakan flebotomi serta pengaruhnya terhadap kualitas spesimen. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah 129 orang perawat pelaksana di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Kabupaten Jombang dengan masa kerja minimal 1 tahun dipilih secara acak. Pengetahuan dan sikap responden tentang tindakan flebotomi diukur menggunakan kuesioner. Perilaku dan kualitas spesimen diukur melalui observasi dan wawancara. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah korelasi Spearman, independent sample t-test, dan multiple logistic regression. Terdapat korelasi positif yang bermakna antara pengetahuan perawat dan kualitas spesimen (r=0,190; p=0,031). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna rata-rata skor sikap perawat tentang flebotomi berdasarkan kualitas spesimen laboratorium (p=0,698) dan tidak terdapat korelasi antara perilaku perawat dan kualitas spesimen (r=0,017; p=0,846). Pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku perawat tidak berpengaruh terhadap perubahan kualitas spesimen, diduga faktor peralatan yang digunakan untuk flebotomi memiliki peran dalam penentuan kualitas spesimen. Peningkatan pengetahuan, mempertahankan sikap positif, memperbaiki sikap negatif serta merevisi SPO pengambilan darah perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan.Kata Kunci: Kesalahan pra-analitik, kualitas spesimen, pengetahuan, perawat, perilaku, sikap

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Published

2015-02-13

Issue

Vol. 28 No. 3 (2015)

Section

Research Article

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