Soket Kontraktur Orbita: Definisi, Penyebab dan Klasifikasi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb.2011.026.04.12Abstract
Soket anoftalmia (SA) lebih sering disebut sebagai anoftalmos atau anoftalmia didefinisikan secara klinis sebagai tidak adanya bola mata di dalam rongga orbita. Prevalensi anoftalmia sebesar 0,3 per 100.000 kelahiran. Berkurangnya volume SA disebut sebagai soket kontraktur (SK), pada keadaan ini soket tidak dapat menahan protesa. Protesa yang sulit atau tidak terpasang pada soket dengan tepat dan nyaman akan menimbulkan masalah kosmetik bagi penderita. Penyebab SK dapat kongenital atau didapat (acquired). Pengklasifikasian SK sangat penting dilakukan untuk menentukan protesa dan teknik operasi rekonstruksi yang sesuai. SK diklasifikasikan sesuai derajat keparahannya dari derajat ringan (1) sampai dengan derajat berat (5). Pada derajat 5 terdapat hilangnya semua fornik disertai adanya rekurensi kontraktur yang terjadi setelah dilakukan operasi rekonstruksi yang tidak berhasil dalam 1 tahun terakhir. Hal ini menunjukkan kegagalan rekonstruksi soket yang dilakukan.Kata Kunci: Soket anoftalmia, soket kontraktur, protesa, rekonstruksi soket
Downloads
References
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Mavrikakis I, Malhotra R, Shelley MJ, and Sneddon KJ. Surgical Management of the Severely Contracted Socket Following Reconstruction. Orbit. 2006; 25(3): 215-219.
Poonyathalang A, Preechawat P, Pomsathit J, and Mahaisaviriya P. Reconstruction of Contracted Eye Socket with Amniotic Membrane Graft. Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2005: 21(5): 359-362.
Adhikari RK, Khazai H, and Usha KD. Prospective Evaluation of Contracted Sockets. Kathmandu University Medical Journal. 2007; 5(3): 391-395.
Jones CA. Socket Surgery. In: Collin R (Ed). Fundamentals of Clinical Ophthalmology: Plastic and Orbital Surgery. London: American Medical Association; 2001; p. 89-97.
Webb MC. Issues in the Management of the Anophthalmic Socket: Clinical, Comfort, and Cosmetic. Ophthalmology Rounds. 2010; 8(1): 6.
Aguilar GL, Shannon GM, and Flanagan JC. Experience with Dermis-Fat Grafting: An Analysis of Early Postoperative Complications and Methods of Prevention. Ophthalmic Surgery. 1982; 13(3): 204-209.
Lee AC, Fedorovich I, Heinz GW, and Kikkawa DO. Socket Reconstruction with Combined Mucous Membrane and Hard Palate Mucosal Grafts. Ophthalmic Surgery and Lasers. 2002; 33(6): 463-468.
Sangwan VS, Burman S, Tejwani S, Mahesh SP, and Murthy S. Amniotic Membrane Transplantation. British Journal of Ophthalmology. 2007; 55(4): 251-256.
Wearne MJ, Sandy C, Rose GE, Pitts J, and Collin JR. Autogenous Hard Palate Mucosa: The Ideal Lower Eyelid Spacer. British Journal Ophthalmology. 2001; 85(10): 1183-7.
Karesh JW and Putterman AM. A Surgical Technique for the Successful and Stable Reconstruction of the Totally Contracted Ocular Socket. Ophthalmic Surgery. 1988; 19(3): 193-201.
Hughes MO. A Pictorial Anatomy of the Human Eya/Anophthalmic Socket: A Review for Ocularists. Journal of Ophthalmic Prosthetics. 2007: 51-65
Roen JL and Stasior OG. Deformities of the Anophthalmic Socket. In: Steward WB (Ed). Surgery of the Eyelid, Orbit and Lacrimal System 3rd volume. San Fransisco: American Academy of Ophthalmology: 1995; p. 128-132.
Keefe KS, Milman T, Rodrigues MM, and Hidayat AA. Conjunctival and Corneal Pathology. In: Azar A (Ed). Principal and Practice of Ophthalmology 3rd edition. USA: Saunders; 2008; p. 3577-3608.
Detorakis ET, Engstrom RE, Straatsma BR, and Demer JL. Fungtional Anatomy of the Anophthalmic Socket: Insights from Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 2003; 44: 4307-4313.
Bayliss H, Shorr N, Tanenbaum M, and McCord CD. The Anophthalmic Socket: Evaluation and Management of Surgical Problems. In: McCord CD (Ed). Oculoplastic Surgery 2nd edition. New York: Raven Press; 1987; p. 425-429.
MacDonald IM, Tran M, and Musarella MA. Ocular Genetic: Current Understanding. Survey of Ophthalmology. 2004; 49(2): 159-196.
Tyers AG and Collin JR. Colour Atlas of Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery. 2nd edition. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann: 2008; p. 237-273.
Garber PF and Della Rocca RC. Socket Reconstruction. In: Levine MR (ed). Manual of Oculoplastic Surgery 2nd edition. New York: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1996; p. 309-317.
Migliori ME. Enucleation, Evisceration, and Exenteration. In: Azar A (Ed). Principal and Practice of Ophthalmology 3rd edition. Saunders. USA: 2008; p. 3519-3528.
Nunery WR and Hetzler KJ. Enucleation and Eviseration. In: Speath GL (Ed). Ophthalmic Surgery: Principles and Practice 3rd edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier science: 2003; p. 501-503.
Lestari AT, Dewi DS, Sadono EG. Pattern and Management of Contracted Socket in Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang: A Retrospective Study. Kumpulan Abstrak Karya Tulis Ilmiah. Pertemuan Ilmiah Tahunan Perhimpunan Dokter Ahli Mata Indonesia. Makasar, 2008.
Naik MN and Raizada KB. Eyelid Switch Flap Technique for the Management of Congenital Anophthalmos Associated with Contracted Socket. Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2008: 22(6): 476-479.
Zorab RA, Straus H, Denny M, Daniel J, and Garret TM. Basic and Clinical Science Course: Orbit, Eyelid and Lacrimal System. Section 7. San Fransisco: American Academy of Ophthalmology. 2010; p. 123-133.
Bajaj M S, Pushker N, Singh K K, Chandra M, and Ghose S. Evaluation of Amniotic Membran Grafting in the Reconstruction of Contracted Socket. Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2006; 22(2): 116-120.
Kumar S, Sugandhi P, Arora R, and Pandey PK. Amniotic Membran Transplatation versus Mucous Membran Grafting in Anophthalmic Contracted Socket. Orbit. 2006: 25: 195-203.
Petrelli RL. Management of the Contracted Eye Socket. International Ophthalmology. 1982: 5: 33-42.
Mody K. Fornix Reconstruction. In: Garg A (Ed). Oculoplasty and Reconstructive Surgery Made Easy. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers; 2009; p. 485-493.
Callahan MA and Callahan A. Correction of the Abnormal Soft Tissue Socket. In: Stewart WB (Ed). Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. San Fransisco: American Academy of Ophthalmology; 1984; p. 346-359.
Van der Meulen JC. Reconstruction of the Socket. In: Van der Meulen JC (Ed). Color Atlas and Text of Ocular Plastic Surgery. Barcelona: Mosby-Wolfe; 1996: p. 275-297.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
