Pengaruh Antosianin Ubi Ungu terhadap TNF-α, Apoptosis dan Memori Spasial Hipokampus Tikus Model Diabetes Melitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb.2018.030.01.3Keywords:
Antosianin, apoptosis, diabetes melitus, Morris water maze, memori spasial, TNF-αAbstract
Hiperglikemia pada diabetes melitus menyebabkan penurunan fungsi memori spasial. Terapi yang efektif terhadap gangguan fungsi kognitif akibat hiperglikemia yang sampai saat ini masih dalam perdebatan, menjadikan pendekatan pencegahan menjadi pilihan. Ubi ungu (Ipomoea batatas L.) merupakan tanaman tradisional yang mengandung antosianin, sebagai antiinflamasi, antioksidan, berhubungan dengan peningkatan signalling neuronal otak dalam memperbaiki fungsi memori. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian antosianin ubi ungu (Ipomoea batatas L.) terhadap ekspresi TNF-α, apoptosis dan fungsi memori spasial tikus wistar/(Rattus novergicus) model diabetes melitus. Pendekatan ekperimental dilakukan dalam 5 kelompok yaitu kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, antosianin dosis 10, 20, dan 80mg/kgBB selama 6 minggu. Ekspresi TNF-α dan apoptosis diukur menggunakan imunohistokimia, fungsi memori spasial dengan Morris water maze test. Dosis Antosianin 80mg/kgBB menurunkan ekspresi TNF-α dan apoptosis secara bermakna dibandingkan kontrol positif (p=0,028, p=0,025). Dosis 10 dan 20mg/kgBB menurunkan waktu tempuh Morris water maze hari ke 54 pada semua kuadran secara bermakna dibandingkan kontrol positif (p=0,000). Pemberian antosianin dosis 80mg/kgBB menurunkan ekspresi TNF-α dan apoptosis sel hipokampus, antosianin dosis 10 dan 20mg/kgBB menurunkan waktu tempuh Morris water maze pada tikus wistar/Rattus novergicus model diabetes melitus.
Downloads
References
Longo D, Fauci A, Kasper D, Hauser S, Jameson J, an Localzo J. Harrison'sâ„¢ Principles of Internal Medicine. 18th Edition. New York, USA: The McGraw-Hill Companies; 2012; Hal. 2275-2304.
Chen L, Magliano DJ, and Zimmet, ZP. The Worldwide Epidemiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-Present and Future Perspectives. Nature Reviews Endocrinology. 2011; 8(4): 228-236.
American Diabetes Asscociation. National Diabetes Statistics Report 2014. (Online) 10 Juni 2014. http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/statistics/#sthash.R3F0DK4m.dpuf. [diakses tanggal 2 Januari 2016].
Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2013; hal. 87-90.
Yonguc GN, Dodurga Y, Adiguzel E, et al. Grape Seed Extract Has Superior Beneficial Effects than Vitamin E on Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in the Hippocampus of Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats. Gene. 2015; 555(2): 119-126.
Kodl CT and Seaquist ER. Cognitive Dysfunction and Diabetes Mellitus. Endocrin Reviews. 2008; 29(4): 494-511.
Wrighten SA, Piroli GG, Grillo CA, and Reagan LP. A Look Inside the Diabetic Brain: Contributors to Diabetes-Induced Brain Aging. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 2009; 1792(5): 444–453.
Cai Z, Yan Y, Wang Y, and Tian F. Minocycline Alleviates Beta-Amyloid Protein and Tau Pathology via Restraining Neuroinflammation Induced by Diabetic Metabolic Disorder. Clinical Interventions in Aging. 2013; 8: 1089-1095.
Granic I, Dolga AM, Nijholta IM, Dijk GV, and Eisel UL. Inflammation and NF-κB in Alzheimer's Disease and Diabetes. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. 2009; 16(4): 809-821.
Zhang Y, Xu L, He D, and Ling S. Endoplasmic Stress-Mediated Hippocampal Neuron Apoptosis Involved in Diabetic Cognitive Impairment. BioMed Research International. 2013; 2013: 9.
Pedret CV, Vila AS, Mir MS, et al. Mediterranean Diet and Age-Related Cognitive Decline: A Randomised Clinical Trial. Journal of the American Medical Association Internal Medicine. 2015; 175(7): 1094-1103.
Yoshida KM, Mori M, and Kondo T. Blue Flower Color Development by Anthocyanins: from Chemical Structure to Cell Physiology. Natural Product Report. 2009; 26(7): 884-915.
Kahkonen MP, Hopia Al, and Heinonen M. Berry Phenolics and Their Antioxidant Activity. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2001; 49(8): 4076-4082.
Min B, McClung AM, and Chen MH. Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Capacities in Rice Brans of Different Color. Journal of Food Science. 2011; 76(1): 117-126.
Gutierres JM, Carvalho FB, Schetinger MR, et al. Anthocyanins Restore Behavioral and Biochemical Changes Caused by Streptozotocin-Induced Sporadic Dementia of Alzheimer's Type. Life Sciences. 2013; 96(1): 7-17.
Maharani T, Sargowo J, Tjokropranowo A, and Ratnawati R. Effect of Extract Purple Ipomea Batatas Cultivar Kawi Mountain Chronic Inflammation in wistar Rats with Atherogenic Diet. International Journal of Science and Technology. 2014; 3(1): 1-7.
Morris RG. Spatial Localization does not Require the Presence of Local Cues. Learning and Motivation. 1981; 12(2): 239-260.
Terra X, Montagut G, Bustos M. et al. Grape-Seed Procyanidins Prevent Low-Grade Inflammation by Modulating Cytokine Expression in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. 2009; 20(3): 210–218.
Rehman SU, Shah SA, Ali T, Chung JL, and Kim MO. Anthocyanins Reversed D-Galactose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation Mediated Cognitive Impairment in Adult Rats. Molecular Neurobiology. 2017; 54(1); 255-271.
Ullah I, Park HY, and Kim MO. Anthocyanins Protect against Kainic Acid-induced Excitotoxicity and Apoptosis via ROS-activated AMPK Pathway in Hippocampal Neurons. CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics. 2014; 20(4): 327-338.
Jo YN, Jin DE, Jeong JH, Kim HJ, Kim DO, and Heo HJ. Effect of Anthocyanins from Rabbit-Eye Blueberry (Vaccinium virgatum) on Cognitive Function in Mice under Trimethyltin-Induced Neurotoxicity. Food Science and Biotechnology. 2015; 24(3); 1077-1085.
Krikorian R, Shidler MD, Nash TA, et al. Blueberry Supplementation Improves Memory in Older Adults. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry. 2010; 58(7): 3996-4000.
Mirshekar M, Roghani M, Khalili M, Baluchnejadmojarad T, and Arab MS. Chronic Oral Pelargonidin Alleviates Learning and Memory Disturbances in Strptozotocin Diabetic Rats. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2011; 10(3): 569-575.
Williams CM, El Mohsen MA, Vauzour D, et al. Blueberry -Induced Changes in Spatial Working Memory Correlate with Changes in Hippocampal CREB Phosphorylation and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Levels. Free Radical Biology Medicine. 2008; 45(3): 295–305.
Murphy T, Dias GP, and Thuret S. Effects of Diet on Brain Plasticity in Animal and Human Studies: Mind the Gap. Neural Plasticity. 2014; 2014: 1-32.
Good M. Spatial Memory and Hippocampal Function: Where are We Now? Psicologica. 2002; 23: 109-138.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).