Kombinasi Ekstrak Batang Talikuning dan Artemisin sebagai Obat Antimalaria terhadap Plasmodium berghei
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb.2010.026.01.6Abstract
ABSTRAKMalaria, penyakit menular dengan tingkat kematian yang tinggi sekarang menghadapi penurunan kemanjuran obat obat pilihan pertama yaitu kombinasi artemisin dan amodiaquine. Talikuning (Anamirta cocculus), adalah jamu tradisional yang secara empiris digunakan sebagai antimalaria di Papua telah disarankan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas kombinasi obat antimalaria. Talikuning batang dan akar mengandung alkaloid kuartener yang dianggap memiliki aktivitas fisiologis sebagai antimalaria. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami efek antimalaria dari ekstrak batang talikuning dan kombinasinya dengan artemisin pada derajat parasitemia mencit terinfeksi Plasmodium berghei. Peritoneal tikus yang terinfeksi dengan Plasmodium berghei ANKA 106 dan dibagi menjadi 11 kelompok perlakuan, kontrol negatif, kontrol positif; artemisin dosis 0,04 mg / g BB; talikuning dosis: 0,001 mg / g BB; 0,01 mg / g BB; 0, 1 mg / g BB, dan 1 mg / g BB. Dan kombinasi artemisin talikuning dosis: 0,001 mg / g BB; 0,01 mg / g BB, 0,1 mg / g BB; and1 mg / g BB. Pengobatan dimulai pada hari 0 di mana derajat parasitemia mencapai 5-15% dan dilanjutkan selama 7 hari, observasi parasitemia dilakukan pada hari 3, 5 dan 7 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak talikuning induk  bisa menghambat pertumbuhan Plasmodium berghei secara signifikan (p <0,05) terhadap kontrol dengan ED50 dari 0,043 mg / g BB tikus yang setara dengan 4,7 mg / kg BB manusia. Namun demikian, kombinasi dosis-talikuning artemisin tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan dibandingkan dengan pengobatan monoterapi artemisin (p> 0,05) baik pada hari 3, 5 dan 7 hari pasca terapi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kombinasi-talikuning artemisin tidak berbeda dari penyediaan artemisin monoterapi.Kata Kunci : Antimalaria,  artemisin, derajat parasitemia, Plasmodium berghei, talikuningDownloads
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