Pengaruh Konseling Motivational Interviewing terhadap Kepatuhan Minum Obat Penderita Hipertensi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb.2015.028.04.16Abstract
Keberhasilan manajemen hipertensi tergantung pada kepatuhan berobat. Meskipun karyawan dan pensiunan PTPN X (Persero) beserta keluarganya mendapat jaminan perawatan kesehatan seumur hidup yang dijamin oleh perusahaan namun tidak menjamin kepatuhan berobat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji efek konseling motivational interviewing terhadap kepatuhan minum obat penderita hipertensi. Penelitian ini menggunakan disain pretest – posttest control group. Kelompok uji mendapat perlakuan konseling motivational interviewing dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol yang mendapat leaflet cara hidup sehat dengan hipertensi. Penilaian kepatuhan minum obat menggunakan 8 item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Didapatkan 65 sampel dari 81 orang yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok uji berjumlah 33 orang dan kontrol 32 orang yang mendapatkan informasi dalam bentuk leaflet. Umur rata-rata subjek: 61,09 tahun dan terbanyak menderita hipertensi lebih dari lima tahun (56,9%). Hasil penilaian pra intervensi tidak didapatkan perbedaan yang signifikan antara dua kelompok. Hasil pasca intervesi terdapat perbedaan nilai MMAS-8 antara kedua kelompok tetapi profil tekanan darah tidak berbeda. Terdapat perbedaan kepatuhan maupun profil tekanan darah antara pra dan pasca intervensi pada kedua kelompok, kecuali tekanan diastole pada kelompok uji. Motivational interviewing memberikan pengaruh yang positif terhadap peningkatan kepatuhan minum obat penderita hipertensi dan meningkatkan jumlah pasien yang berhasil mencapai target tekanan darah. Kata Kunci: Hipertensi, kepatuhan, konseling, motivational interviewing
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