Insiden dan Gambaran Klinis Hepatitis Akibat Obat Anti Tuberkulosis di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang

Authors

  • Achmad Rifai Internal medicine department of Brawijaya University-Saiful Anwar Hospital
  • Budi Herlianto
  • Syifa Mustika
  • Bogi Pratomo
  • Supriono Supriono

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb.2015.028.03.14

Abstract

 

Hepatitis akibat obat anti tuberkulosis (OAT) merupakan ancaman yang serius terhadap pengendalian penyakit tuberkulosis. Namun belum ada data yang representatif mengenai hal tersebut dalam suatu populasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami gambaran klinis dan mengevaluasi efek dari terapi obat anti tuberkulosis di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang pada tahun 2013. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif potong-lintang (cross sectional) yang melibatkan sebanyak 460 pasien tuberkulosis (TB) yang menerima directly observed treatment strategy (DOTS). Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh 25 pasien yang mengalami hepatitis akibat OAT dengan nilai insiden sebesar 5,4%. Gejala-gejala yang paling sering timbul adalah rasa mual dan muntah (48%). Terjadi hepatitis ringan (20%), sedang (48%), berat (4%), dan sengat berat (4%). Sebanyak 60% tanpa penyakit penyerta. Efek Hepatitis yang menyebabkan pemberhentian OAT sementara sebesar 56% kasus dan yang tetap meneruskan OAT sebesar 44% kasus,  rata-rata durasi terapi hepatitis akibat Obat Anti Tuberkulosis adalah 18 hari. Hepatitis akibat OAT dapat mempengaruhi angka keberhasilan (outcome) terapi. Adanya insiden hepatitis akibat OAT dan besarnya populasi Hepatitis tersebut di Rumah Sakit Saiful Anwar menunjukkan bahwa mendeteksi efek negatif dari terapi OAT sangatlah penting.

Kata Kunci: Anti-tuberculosis drug induced liver injury (ATLI), Obat Anti Tuberkulosis (OAT), tuberkulosis paru

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Published

2015-02-13

Issue

Vol. 28 No. 3 (2015)

Section

Research Article

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