Relationship of Depression and Sleep Quality among North Jakarta Medical Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb.2022.032.01.9Keywords:
COVID-19 pandemic, depression, sleep quality, medical studentsAbstract
Medical students with high academic load have had elevated baseline rates of depression and poor sleep quality. During the COVID-19 pandemic, medical students are more susceptible to depression and poor sleep quality. This study aimed to analyze depression and sleep quality among medical students at the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia (FKIK UAJ) during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted among pre-clinical and clinical students of FKIK UAJ academic year 2020/2021. Respondents were selected through proportional systematic random sampling to fulfill the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for depression and sleep quality. The data were analyzed using Mann Whitney U-Test. There were 63.3% of 635 respondents with depression, in which 39.4% respondents had mild depression, 14.2% respondents with moderate depression, and 9.8% respondents with severe depression. There were 59,2% of respondents with poor sleep quality. Depression was highest in females (67.2%) and pre-clinical stage of 2020 intake year (74.6%), and among clinical level students of 2018 (56%) and 2019 (53.9%) intake year. Poor sleep quality was also highest in females (62.8%) and pre-clinical 2020 intake year (69.8%), and among clinical level students of 2018 (53%) and 2019 (51.9%) intake year. The Mann-Whitney U-test showed a significant difference between depression level and sleep quality in pre-clinical and clinical students of FKIK UAJ during the COVID-19 pandemic (p value=0.000). Depression and sleep quality among medical students of FKIK UAJ during the COVID-19 pandemic were significantly associated.
Downloads
References
Pangaribuan MT and Munandar AI. Kebijakan Pemerintah DKI Jakarta Menangani Pandemi Covid-19. Government: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan. 2021; 14(1): 1-9.
Saidah D. Analisis Pelaksanaan Kebijakan Penanganan Wabah Covid-19 di DKI Jakarta. Jurnal Ilmiah Administrasi Pemerintahan Daerah. 2020; 12(2): 20-30.
Edriani TS, Rahmadani A, and Noor DM. Analisis Hubungan Kepadatan Penduduk dengan Pola Penyebaran COVID-19 Provinsi DKI Jakarta Menggunakan Regresi Robust. Indonesian Journal of Applied Mathematics. 2021; 1(2): 51-60.
Chakrabortya I and Maity P. COVID-19 Outbreak: Migration, Effects on Society, Global Environment and Prevention. Science of the Total Environment 2020; 728: 1-7.
Winurini S. Permasalahan Kesehatan Mental Akibat Pandemi Covid-19. Info Singkat, Bidang Kesejahteraan Sosial. 2020; 12(15): 13-18.
Kaparounaki CK, Patsali ME, Mousa DPV, Papadopoulou EVK, Papadopoulou KKK, and Fountoulakis K. University Students' Mental Health Amidst the COVID-19 Quarantine in Greece. Psychiatry Research. 2020; 290: 1-2.
Linden AVD. Cross-Cultural Validation of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) in Bahasa Indonesia to Measure Depression among People Affected by Leprosy in Central Java, Indonesia. (Online) 2019. https://www.infontd.org/resource/cross-cultural-validation-phq-9-bahasa-indonesia-measure-depressionamong-persons-affected
Muljadi O and Karman I. Hubungan Antara Kualitas Tidur dan Gangguan Depresi pada Mahasiswa Preklinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya. [Thesis]. Unika Atma Jaya, Jakarta. 2016.
Barahona-Correa JE, Aristizabal-Mayor JD, Lasalvia P, Ruiz AJ, and Hidalgo-Martínez P. Sleep Disturbances, Academic Performance, Depressive Symptoms and Substance Use among Medical Students in Bogota, Colombia. Sleep Science. 2018; 11(4): 260-268.
UNESCO International Institute for Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean. COVID-19 and Higher Education: Today and Tomorrow. (Online) 2020. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000375693
Jumiarni. Perbandingan Kualitas Tidur Menggunakan Skala Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) pada Pasien Gangguan Cemas yang Mendapat Terapi Benzodiazepin Jangka Panjang dan Jangka Pendek. [Thesis]. Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar. 2018.
Dietch JR, Taylor DJ, Sethi K, Kelly K, Bramoweth AD, and Roane BM. Psychometric Evaluation of the PSQI in U.S. College Students. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine. 2016; 12(8): 1121-1129.
Filho CIS, Rodrigues WCLV, de Castro RB, et al. Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Mental Health of Medical Students: A CrossSectional Study Using GAD-7 and PHQ-9 Questionnaires. medRXiv. 2020; 6: 1-20.
Halperin SJ, Henderson MN, Prenner S, and Grauer JN. Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression among Medical Students during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development. 2021; 8: 1-7.
Bolatov AK, Seisembekov TZ, Askarova AZ, Baikanova RK, Smailova DS, and Fabbro E. Online-Learning due COVID-19 Improved Mental Health among Medical Students. Medical Science Educator. 2021; 31(1): 183–192.
Chandra A, Karki P, Prakash P, Chandra A, and Khadka S. Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Quality of Sleep Among Nepalese Residents. Research Square. 2020; PrePrint: 1-10.
Essangri H, Sabir M, Benkabbou A, et al. Predictive Factors for Impaired Mental Health among Medical Students during the Early Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Morocco. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2021; 104(1): 95-102.
Abate KH. Gender Disparity in Prevalence of Depression among Patient Population: A Systematic Review. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences. 2013; 23(3): 283–288.
Xie J, Li X, Luo H, et al. Depressive Symptoms, Sleep Quality and Diet During the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Epidemic in China: A Survey of Medical Students. Frontiers in Public Health. 2021; 8: 1-8.
Puthran R, Zhang MWB, Tam WW, and Ho RC. Prevalence of Depression amongst Medical Students: A Meta-analysis. Medical Education. 2016; 50(4): 456-468.
Basnet B, Jaiswal M, Adhikari B, and Shyangwa PM. Depression among Undergraduate Medical Students. Kathmandu University Medical Journal. 2012; 10(39): 56-59.
Li Y, Wang Y, Jiang J, et al. Psychological Distress among Health Professional Students during the COVID-19 Outbreak. Psychological Medicine. 2021; 51(11): 1952-1954.
Salari N, Hosseinian-Far A, Jalali R, et al. Prevalence of Stress, Anxiety, Depression among the General Population during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Globalization and health. 2020; 16: 1-11.
Siddiqui MI, Zowgar AM, Almaghrabi AA, and Almalki WM. Sleep Quality and Depression among Undergraduate Medical and Allied Medical Sciences Students: A Cross-Sectional Study at Umm Al-Qura University (Uqu). International Journal of Sleep Disorder. 2020; 3(1): 7-16.
Romero-Blanco C, Rodríguez-Almagro J, Onieva-Zafra MD, Parra-Fernandez ML, Prado-Laguna MC, and Hernandez-Martinez A. Sleep Pattern Changes in Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Lockdown. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(14): 1-11.
Marelli S, Castelnuovo A, Somma A, et al. Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Sleep Quality in University Students and Administration Staff. Journal of Neurology. 2021; 268(1): 8-15.
Downloads
Published
Versions
- 2022-04-09 (2)
- 2022-03-04 (1)
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).