Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Kersen (Muntingia calabura L) terhadap Kolesterol Darah, Soluble ICAM-1 dan Pembentukan Sel Busa pada Tikus dengan Diet Tinggi Lemak dan Kolesterol
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb.2017.029.03.4Keywords:
Daun kersen, kolesterol, soluble ICAM-1, sel busaAbstract
Ekstrak daun kersen (EDK) terbukti mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan dan anti-inflamasi yang signifikan namun belum pernah dilakukan penelitian EDK terhadap kadar kolesterol dan inflamasi vaskuler. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh EDK terhadap kadar kolesterol darah, kadar soluble ICAM-1 dan pembentukan sel busa aorta tikus wistar yang diberi diet tinggi lemak dan kolesterol (DTL-TK). Penelitian dilakukan dengan Post Test-Only Controlled Group Design. Tikus Wistar jantan sebanyak 24 ekor dirandom menjadi 4 kelompok diantaranya kontrol negatif (KN), kontrol positif (KP), EDK dosis 1 (D1), EDK dosis 2 (D2). KN diberi diet normal, KP diberi DTL-TK saja, D1 diberi DTL-TK dan EDK 250mg/kg BB, D2 diberi DTL-TK dan EDK 500mg/kg BB. Pakan dan EDK diberikan 1 kali dalam sehari. EDK diberikan menggunakan sonde, bersamaan dengan pemberian pakan selama 8 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) antara KN dan KP pada kadar kolesterol HDL. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) antara KN dan D1 pada kadar kolesterol total. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) antara KP dan D1 pada kadar soluble ICAM-1. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) antara KP dan D2 pada kadar kolesterol total, kolesterol HDL, dan kadar soluble ICAM-1. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p>0,05) antara D1 dan D2 pada semua parameter. Hasil pengamatan histopatologi aorta abdominal belum menunjukkan pembentukan sel busa diantara 4 kelompok. EDK dosis 500mg/kg BB dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total tikus yang diberi DTL-TK, EDK dosis 250mg/kg BB dan 500mg/kg BB dapat menurunkan kadar soluble ICAM-1 tikus yang diberi DTL-TK.
Kata Kunci: Daun kersen, kolesterol, soluble ICAM-1, sel busa
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