Implementasi Komunikasi Efektif Perawat-Dokter dengan Telepon di Ruang ICU Rumah Sakit Wava Husada
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb.2015.028.02.11Abstract
Komunikasi antara perawat dengan dokter melalui telepon di ruang ICU cenderung lebih berisiko terjadi kasus-kasus sentinel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran implementasi komunikasi efektif perawat-dokter melalui telepon dan pengalaman perawat berkomunikasi dengan dokter. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan studi observasional deskriptif terhadap perawat di ruang ICU. Pengukuran frekuensi implementasi komunikasi perawat dengan dokter melalui telepon dilakukan menggunakan lembar audit teknik komunikasi SBAR dan TBAK, dan survey menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan komponen A (Assessment) merupakan komponen komunikasi SBAR dengan frekuensi terendah (21%). Audit teknik komunikasi TBAK menemukan perawat tidak melakukan konfirmasi kembali (0%) ketika berkomunikasi dengan dokter melalui telepon. Permasalahan yang dialami perawat ketika berkomunikasi dengan dokter diantaranya perawat sulit menghubungi dokter (50%), dan perawat merasa mengganggu dokter sebelum berkomunikasi (50%). Kebiasaan dokter berkomunikasi dan pembatasan waktu telepon ruangan merupakan situasi sulit yang sering dialami perawat saat berkomunikasi. Lemahnya kemampuan perawat berkomunikasi dan belum adanya pembakuan teknik komunikasi adalah faktor penghambat komunikasi efektif. Pengembangan standar komunikasi efektif dengan telepon (n=8) dan pelatihan komunikasi bagi tenaga kesehatan (n=7) merupakan dua solusi terpilih. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi lemahnya komunikasi telepon terutama dalam aspek penilaiaan dan konfirmasi kembali yang dapat meningkatkan risiko insiden keselamatan. Ketiadaan teknik komunikasi yang baku dan kelemahan kemampuan perawat untuk berkomunikasi merupakan akar pemasalahan komunikasi telepon yang tidak efektif yang dapat dikelola dengan standar komunikasi dan pelatihan.Kata Kunci: Dokter, ICU, komunikasi efektif, perawat, telepon
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