Ekstrak Ethanol Daun Sirsak (Annona Muricata) Berpotensi Memiliki Efek Kemoterapi pada Kanker Payudara Tikus Putih
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb.2014.028.02.7Abstract
Kanker payudara merupakan jenis kanker yang terbanyak di derita wanita dan memerlukan kemoterapi berbiaya tinggi dengan efek samping yang banyak. Daun sirsak (Annona muricata) mengandung senyawa asetogenin bersifat sitotoksik terhadap sel kanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek kemoterapi daun sirsak pada kanker payudara tikus. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Patologi Anatomi FK Unila pada bulan Mei-September 2013 dengan menggunakan 25 ekor tikus betina  Sprague Dawley yang dibagi dalam 5 kelompok, yaitu Kelompok I, kontrol negatif; kelompok II, diberikan 75mg/kg BB DMBA, kelompok III diberikan 75mg/kg BB DMBA+ekstrak daun sirsak 100mg/kgBB, kelompok III, 75mg/kg BB DMBA + ekstrak daun sirsak 200mg/kgBB, 75mg/kg BB DMBA+ekstrak daun sirsak III 400mg/kgBB. Ekstrak daun sirsak diberikan selama 4 minggu. Dilakukan pemeriksaan histopatologi untuk menilai apoptosis yang terjadi setelah pemberian daun sirsak. Hasil dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskall Wallis dan uji Man Whitney. Pemberian ekstrak etanol daun sirsak dapat memicu kejadian apoptosis pada KIII, KIV, KV sebesar 2,5%, 3,44%, dan 3,56% lebih tinggi dari kejadian apoptosis kelompok kontrol positif sebesar 1,80% (p<0,05). Dapat disimpulkan ekstrak etanol daun sirsak berpotensi memiliki efek kemoterapi pada kanker payudara tikus putih yang diinduksi DMBA.
Kata Kunci: Ekstrak daun sirsak, efek kemoterapi, DMBA, kanker payudara
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