Peran Mitokondria dalam Apoptosis
Keywords:
mitokondria, apoptosisAbstract
Apoptosis merupakan bentuk kematian fisiologis sel yang terprogram dimana secara morfologis dan biokimiawi berbeda dengan nekrosis, yang merupakan proses spontan dan tak terregulasi. Berbagai peristiwa kunci di dalam apoptosis melibatkan mitokondria dimana organela ini melepaskan protein-protein/molekul proapoptotik yang berperan di dalam mengaktifkan cascade apoptotik. Tiga mekanisme bagaimana mitokondria berperan di dalam apoptosis adalah, dengan menyebabkan gangguan transpor elektron dna metabolisme energi yang merupakan gambaran awal kematian sel; melepaskan protein-protein, antara lain sitokrom c (dilepaskan akibat adanyastimuli kematian), yang memicu aktifasi kaspase; dan dengan mengubah potensial oksidasi-reduksi seluler yang melibatkan peran anion superoksida yang banyak terdapat di dalam organella ini.
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